Cyclostationary Empirical Orthogonal Function Sea-Level Reconstruction

A Comparative Study of Sea Level Reconstruction Techniques Using 20 Years of Satellite Altimetry Data

Sea level reconstructions extend spatially dense data sets, such as those from satellite altimetry, by decomposing the data set into basis functions and fitting those functions to in situ tide gauge measurements with a longer temporal record. We compare and evaluate two methods for reconstructing sea level through an idealized study. The compared sea level reconstruction methods differ in the t...

Reconstructing Sea Level Using Cyclostationary Empirical Orthogonal Functions

An Ongoing Shift in Pacific Ocean Sea Level

Based on the satellite altimeter data, sea level off the west coast of the United States has increased over the past 5 years, while sea level in the western tropical Pacific has declined. Understanding whether this is a short-term shift or the beginning of a longer-term change in sea level has important implications for coastal planning efforts in the coming decades. Here, we identify and quant...

The Effect of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation on U.S. Regional and Coastal Sea Level

Although much of the focus on future sea level rise concerns the long-term trend associated with anthropogenic warming, on shorter time scales, internal climate variability can contribute significantly to regional sea level. Such sea level variability should be taken into consideration when planning efforts to mitigate the effects of future sea level change. In this study, we quantify the contr...

A Southern Hemisphere Sea Level Pressure-Based Precursor for ENSO Warm and Cold Events

Past studies have described large-scale sea level pressure (SLP) variations in the Southern Hemisphere that lead to El Nino–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) warm and cold events (WE and CE). By relying on this description and the importance of the related variability in the lead up to WE and CE, Southern Hemisphere SLP variations in May-June-July (MJJ) are shown here to be excellent predictors for t...